SeetheDifference
Haveyoueverheldalizard?Itsbodytemperatureislikelylowerthanyours.Youprobablywouldn’tfeeladifference.Butyoucanseeitintheseimagestakenwithaspecialcamera.Theyshowhowmuchheatanobjectgives off.
hand
lizard
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COLDER
Thiselephantcoolsdownbyfanningits ears.
Thisspider’sbodyiscoolerthanits environment.
Lookattheimageofahandholdingalizard.Thebrightredofthehandshowsawarmbodytemperature.Thisistrueeventhoughtheairarounditiscooler.Thelizardshowsupmostlyasblue.Beforebeingheld,itwasdarkblue,likethebackground.Itsbodytemperaturewasthesameastheairaround it.
Butwhathappensasthelizardandthepersontouch?Thelizardgetsheatfromtheperson’shand.Itsbodyiswarming.Itsfeetandlegsshowupasgreenand yellow.
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Thiscatmakesitsownbodyheat.Itleavesbehindatrailofwarm pawprints.
Watchasapersonleaveswarmfootprintsonacold floor.
Thisgharialsoaksupthesun’srays.Thenitstemperaturebeginsto rise.
Foodprovidesthematerialstogrow.Italsorepairsdamagedcells.Ifyoucutyourfinger,newcellsgrowandhealit.Thenewcellscomefromfood.Foodalsoprovidesenergy.Andenergyproducesheat.Inthisway,ananimal’sbodyislikea furnace.
ALivingFurnace
Whycansomeanimalskeepthesamebodytemperaturewhileotherscannot?Theansweris metabolism.
Metabolismisallofthechemicalreactionsthattakeplaceinthebody.Tiny moleculescombineandbreakapartinbodycells.Theyformnewsubstances.Mostofthishappensasfoodbreaks down.
Thesemeerkatsdon’tneedtowaitforthesun.Theycontroltheirownbody heat.
Someoftheseflamingoshaveonelegthatishotterthantheother. Whenaflamingostandsononeleg,thatleglosesheat,whiletheotherlegistuckedupnexttoitsbodykeeping warm.
Thefasterananimal’smetabolism,themoreenergytheanimalhasforkeepingwarm.Anendotherm’smetabolismisfast.Forbirdsandmammals,itisfastenoughtoproduceconstantwarmth.Thisallowstheanimaltokeepitsbodytemperaturehigh.Birdshavethefastestmetabolismandabodytemperatureof 40oCto 42oC (104oFto 108oF).Canyouthinkofareasonwhybirdsneedafastmetabolism?Thinkabouthowbirdsmove.Thehighrateofmetabolismmakestheenergybirdsneedto fly.