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NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC YOUNG EXPLORER

(ISSN 1930-8116) is published five times during the school year—September–October, November–December, January–February, March and April—by National Geographic Society, 1145 17th Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20036.

Copyright © 2020 National Geographic Society. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction of the whole or any part of the contents of National Geographic Young Explorer without written permission is prohibited. National Geographic, National Geographic Young Explorer, and the Yellow Border are trademarks of the National Geographic Society.

COVER: KARTHIK PHOTOGRAPH/MOMENT/GETTY IMAGES PLUS. TABLE OF CONTENTS: (BACKGROUND) MSHIELDSPHOTOS/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO; (SPIDER) © SCOTT LINSTEAD/TOM STACK & ASSOCIATES; (MAKING PASTA) ANDREA FRAZZETTA/NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC IMAGE COLLECTION; (CORAL) RICHARDOM/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO. SPIDERS AT WORK: (WEB BACKGROUND) PAPRIKA/SHUTTERSTOCK; (SPIDER ILLUSTRATIONS) MOOMCHAK V. DESIGN/SHUTTERSTOCK; (JUMPING SPIDER) © SCOTT LINSTEAD/TOM STACK & ASSOCIATES; (YELLOW-BLACK SPIDER) MIRVAV/SHUTTERSTOCK; (SPIDER ON LEAF) © PREMAPHOTOS/NPL/MINDEN PICTURES; (GRAB) © BRUNA GUENARD/BIOSPHOTO/MINDEN PICTUES; (JUMP) © SCOTT LINSTEAD/TOM STACK & ASSOCIATES; (CREEP) H. BELLMANN/BLICKWINKEL/AGE FOTOSTOCK; (SPIDER VIDEO) IAVOVIEW/SHUTTERSTOCK; (NET WEB) © NICK GARBUTT/NPL/MINDEN PICTURES; (ZIGZAG WEB) PIOTR NASKRECKI/MINDEN PICTURES/NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC IMAGE COLLECTION; (RAFT SPIDER) NHPA/PHOTOSHOT/SCIENCE SOURCE; (FUNNEL SPIDER) © SATOSHI KURIBAYASHI/NATURE PRODUCTION/MINDEN PICTURES; (TRAPDOOR SPIDER) © A.N.T. PHOTO LIBRARY/NHPA/PHOTOSHOT; (NET-CASTING SPIDER) PIOTR NASKRECKI/MINDEN PICTURES/NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC IMAGE COLLECTION; (BANDED ARGIOPE SPIDER) KENNETH M. HIGHFILL/SCIENCE SOURCE. MAKING PASTA: (WOMEN MAKING PASTA) ANDREA FRAZZETTA/NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC IMAGE COLLECTION; (MAP) MAPPING SPECIALISTS, LTD; (SELECTION OF PASTAS) ZOONAR GMBH/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO; (ROLLING PIN, BOWL, EGG, FLOUR, FOUR MIX) ANTON STARIKOV/SHUTTERSTOCK; (HANDS MAKING PASTA BOTH) STOCKFOOD/AGE FOTOSTOCK; (POTATOES) MORINKA/SHUTTERSTOCK; (MINT) JIRI HERA/SHUTTERSTOCK; (CHOPPING & GRATING) STOCKFOOD/AGE FOTOSTOCK; (CHEESE) D_M/SHUTTERSTOCK; (WOMAN MAKING PASTA) AP PHOTOGRAPHY/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO; (PASTA) ADAM EASTLAND/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO; (PASTA ON SPOON) STOCKFOOD/AGE FOTOSTOCK; (TOMATO SAUCE) AS FOOD STUDIO/SHUTTERSTOCK; (TOMATO & BASIL) ATLAS STUDIO/SHUTTERSTOCK; (COOKED PASTA) MARMO81/FOTOSEARCH LBRF/AGE FOTOSTOCK. HIDING IN CORAL: (CORAL & THREE FISH) RICHARDOM/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO: (CORAL REEF VIDEO) DAVID HANNAN/IMAGE BANK FILM/GETTY IMAGES; (TRUMPET FISH IMAGE) EJ MORALES/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO; (TRUMPET FISH VIDEO) IN DEPTH SOLUTIONS/SHUTTERSTOCK; (CUTTLEFISH IMAGE) MICHAELSTUBBLEFIELD/ISTOCK/GETTY IMAGES PLUS; (CUTTLEFISH VIDEO) RICHARD WHITCOMBE/SHUTTERSTOCK; (PYGMY SEAHORSE BIG IMAGE) © TIM LAMAN/NATUREPL.COM; (PYGMY SEAHORSE INSET) © ALEX MUSTARD/NATUREPL.COM. WORDS TO EXPLORE: (SPIDER) MIRVAV/SHUTTERSTOCK; (PASTA) JACEK CHABRASZEWSKI/SHUTTERSTOCK; (SPIDER WEB) UROS POTEKO/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO; (FISH) HOWARD CHEW/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO.